Selenium-Java Cheat Sheet

Posted by 19 April 2023 in Automation Testing
Driver Initialization
ChromeWebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver();
FirefoxWebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
EdgeWebDriver driver = new EdgeDriver();
SafariWebDriver driver = new SafariDriver();
Locating Elements
By ID:driver.findElement(By.id (<element ID>))
By Name:driver.findElement(By.name(<element name>))
By Class Name:driver.findElement(By.className (<element class>))
By Tag Name:driver.findElement(By.tagName (<html tag name>))
By CSS Selector:driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("Tag#Value of id attribute"))
By XPath:driver.findElement(By.xpath (“//input[@type='submit']”))
By Link Text:driver.findElement(By.linkText (<link text>))
By Partial Link Text:driver.findElement(By.partialLinkText (<link text>))
Selenium Operations
Launch a Webpage:
driver.get(“<URL>”) or driver.navigate().to(“<URL>”)
Click a button:
WebElement searchButton = driver.findElement(By.name(“btnK”)); searchButton.click();
Accept an alert pop-up:
driver.switchTo( ).alert( ).accept();
Print the page title:
String title = driver.getTitle(); System.out.println(title);
Implicit wait:
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(Duration.ofSeconds(10));
Explicit wait:
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver,Duration.ofSeconds(10)); wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.cssSelector(“.classlocator”)));
ScriptTimeout & PageLoad Timeout:
driver.manage().timeouts().scriptTimeout(Duration.ofMinutes(2)); driver.manage().timeouts().pageLoadTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(10));
Sleep:
Thread.sleep(<Time in MilliSeconds>);
FluentWait:
Wait<WebDriver> fluentWait = new FluentWait<WebDriver>(driver)         .withTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(30))
.pollingEvery(Duration.ofSeconds(5))        
.ignoring(NoSuchElementException.class);
Clear the input field text:
WebElement searchInput = driver.findElement(By.name(“q”)); searchInput.sendKeys(“selenium”); searchInput.clear();
Disable a field (set the ‘disabled’ attribute):
JavascriptExecutor javascript = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
String todisable = “document.getElementsByName(‘fname’)[0].setAttribute(‘disabled’, ”);”; javascript.executeScript(todisable);
Enable a field (remove the ‘disabled’ attribute):
JavascriptExecutor javascript = (JavascriptExecutor) driver;
String toEnable = “document.getElementsByName(‘fname’)[0].setAttribute(enabled, ”);”; javascript.executeScript(toEnable);
TestNG
@BeforeSuiteWill run before the execution of all the test methods in the suite
@BeforeTestWill execute before the execution of all the test methods of available classes belonging to that folder
@BeforeClassWill execute before the first method of the current class is invoked
@BeforeMethodWill execute before each test method runs
@TestThis is the main part of our automation script where we write the business logic we want to automate
@AfterMethodWill execute after the execution of each test method
@AfterClassWill execute after the execution of all the test methods of the current class
@AfterTestWill execute after the execution of all the test methods of available classes belonging to that folder
@AfterSuiteWill execute after the execution of all the test methods in the suite
JUnit
@TestRepresents the method or class as a test block, also accepts parameters.
@BeforeThe method with this annotation gets executed before all the other tests.
@BeforeClassThe method with this annotation gets executed once before class.
@AfterThe method with this annotation gets executed after all the other tests are executed.
@AfterClassThe method with this annotation gets executed once after class.
@IgnoreIt is used to ignore certain test statements during execution.
@DisabledUsed to disable the tests from execution, but the corresponding reports of the tests are still generated.
Working with Files
Upload a file:
driver.findElement(By.id(“file-upload”)).sendKeys(“path/to/your/file.txt”); driver.findElement(By.id(“file-submit”)).submit();
Read data from a text file using BufferedReader:
FileReader reader = new FileReader(“MyFile.txt”);
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(reader);
String line;
while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null)
{ System.out.println(line); }
reader.close();
Read data from a text file Using InputStream:
FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(“MyFile.txt”);
InputStreamReader reader = new InputStreamReader(inputStream, “UTF-16”);
int character; while ((character = reader.read()) != -1)
{ System.out.print((char) character); }
reader.close();
Read data from a text file Using FileReader:
FileReader reader = new FileReader(“MyFile.txt”);
int character;
while ((character = reader.read()) != -1)
{ System.out.print((char) character); }
reader.close();
Read data from a CSV file:
import au.com.bytecode.opencsv.CSVReader;
String path = “C:\\Users\\Myuser\\Desktop\\csvtest.csv”;
Reader reader = new FileReader(path);
CSVReader csvreader = new CSVReader(reader);
List<String[]> data = csvreader.readAll();
for(String[] d : data){
for(String c : d ){
System.out.println(c); } }
Read data from an Excel file:
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
File file = new File(“C:\\TestData\\TestData.xls”);
FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(file);
HSSFWorkbook wb=new HSSFWorkbook(inputStream);
HSSFSheet sheet=wb.getSheet(“Test_Data”);
HSSFRow row2=sheet.getRow(1);
HSSFCell cell=row2.getCell(5);
String address= cell.getStringCellValue();
Selenium Navigators
Navigate to a URLdriver.get("<URL>") or driver.navigate().to("<URL>")
Refresh the pagedriver.navigate().refresh()
Navigate forward in browser historydriver.navigate().forward()
Navigate back in browser historydriver.navigate().back()
Working with Windows
Get the current window handle:
String mainWindowHandle = driver.getWindowHandle();
Get all window handles:
import java.util.Set; Set<String> allWindowHandles = driver.getWindowHandles();
Switch to a specific window:
String windowHandle = driver.getWindowHandle(); driver.switchTo().window(windowHandle);
Switch to newly created window:
driver.switchTo().newWindow(WindowType.TAB);
driver.switchTo().newWindow(WindowType.WINDOW);
Close the current window:
driver.close();
Set window position:
driver.manage().window().setPosition(new Point(0, 0));
Maximize window:
driver.manage().window().maximize();
Minimize window:
driver.manage().window().minimize();
Fullscreen window:
driver.manage().window().fullscreen();
Take a Screenshot:
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
File scrFile = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE);
FileUtils.copyFile(scrFile, new File(“./image.png”));
Working with Frames
Switch to a frame by name or ID:
driver.switchTo().frame(“buttonframe”);
Switch to a frame by index:
driver.switchTo().frame(1);
Switch to a frame using a WebElement:
WebElement iframe = driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(“#modal>iframe”)); driver.switchTo().frame(iframe);
Switch back to the main content:
driver.switchTo().defaultContent();
Working with Alerts
Switch to an alert:
Alert alert = driver.switchTo().alert();
Enter text in an alert:
alert.sendKeys(“Selenium”);
Retrieve alert text:
String text = alert.getText();
Selenium Grid
Start the hub:
java -jar selenium-server-standalone-x.y.z.jar -role hub
Start a node:
java -jar selenium-server-standalone-x.y.z.jar -role node -hub
Server
http://localhost:4444/ui/index.html
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